The physiological development of the placenta depends on sufficient oxygenation and metabolism through the placenta, which is provided by hemochoric placentation. This requires the appropriate transformation of the maternal spiral arteries of the myometrium by trophoblast during its invasion. As a result, optimal contact between the uterus and placenta and a well-developed vascular network are formed, which directly depends on the successful invasion of the trophoblast, the processes of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The blastocyst can be implanted into the endometrium within a relatively short period of time, called the "implantation window".
In addition to endocrine regulation by ovarian hormones, the preparation of the functional layer of the endometrium is also affected by the receptivity of endometrial cells
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